top of page
Simply Statistics
Symbols and Abbreviations in Statistics
Σ
This symbol means "sum of." When you see it in a formula, it's asking you to take the sum of the following parts.
α
N
This symbol indicates an alpha value. This value indicates the probability of rejecting the null hypothesis.
Ho- Null hypothesis
Ha-Alternative hypothesis
Σ-"sum of"
α-Alpha value
N-Number of participants or Number of data points in population
n- Number of data items in sample
x- Each individual score/Each value in data set
σx-Standard error of the mean
sx-Estimated standard error of the mean
D-bar-Mean of a set of difference scores
σ-Population standard deviation
s-Sample standard deviation
SD-Standard deviation (as reported in an APA-style manuscript)
s2-Variance
μ-Population mean
x-bar-Sample mean
bottom of page